Reading 3: What is the relation between politics and globalization? MINJI JEONG

1. Summary 

     Globalization refers to an organization of multidimensional and interconnected spaces and times across borders. In particular, political globalization is related to the approach to the social world that emphasizes the post-national and transnational processes. This focuses on the decline of the nation-state under the influence of global forces that have created various types of politics caused by the development of transnational networks. There is no doubt that one of the most prevalent forms of political globalization is the worldwide spread of democracy based on parliamentary states. It also means the rise of a global normative culture. Due to the influence of global communication and popular culture, political communication is no longer limited to borders, but has become globalized. National politics is increasingly constructed from the perspective of global discourse. Individual rights are included, but environmental issues such as sustainable development are also included.

     The concept of civil society refers to the political sphere between the state and the market. In contrast, the international civil society has become centered on all kinds of social movements, including international NGOs, anti-capitalist protests, and various grassroots organizations. Political globalization is not directed toward a new global governance order or a global society, but is leading to transnational political actions that challenge neoliberal politics. The logic of globalization supports the core logic of political modernity in that it expresses internal conflict within the political framework of autonomy versus division.

     There are four main characteristics of political globalization. First, the transformation of citizenship. This means that due to globalization, the separation of nationality and citizenship has become ambiguous in domestic and international law due to the influence of global normative culture. The second is a change in public opinion and communication. The emergence of the global public domain as a transnational space can be seen as the emergence of global public discourse. Thirdly, the importance of civil society. This is because the concept of civil society, which symbolizes the political potential of globalization, marks the beginning of globalization. Finally, it is a variation of space and boundaries. We are increasingly interconnected and experiencing world compression. Interest in new space and new forms of connection has shown that space does not simply come with territory, but constitutes political relations.


2. Interesting items

     Through this article, I was able to find out the social changes caused by globalization and the political changes caused by it. Among them, it was impressive that the globalization of the nation-state, political members, and institutionalized governance model formed a universal desire for democracy. Non-democratic flaws can easily be found in the case of some countries with a wrapper of democracy. This is because we tend to solve such problems through advanced policies and cultures of other countries.


3. Discussion point

     The development of multi-central networks, especially global civil society, creates new opportunities for autonomy and awareness of various new subjects and new governance approaches, but at the same time can lead to new instability and risks. Global civil society actors do not necessarily work for peace, freedom, and democratization. What can be done from a civic point of view to achieve constructive political globalization?



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